{"id":13402,"date":"2025-10-20T14:33:36","date_gmt":"2025-10-20T12:33:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fbhi.devcx.com\/network-project\/enhance-taiwan\/"},"modified":"2025-10-27T15:11:03","modified_gmt":"2025-10-27T14:11:03","slug":"enhance-taiwan","status":"publish","type":"network-project","link":"https:\/\/fbhi.devcx.com\/sv\/network-project\/enhance-taiwan\/","title":{"rendered":"ENHANCE (Taiwan)"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=&#8221;in_container&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; text_color=&#8221;dark&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; row_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; row_border_radius_applies=&#8221;bg&#8221; overflow=&#8221;visible&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; shape_divider_position=&#8221;bottom&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221;][vc_column top_padding_desktop=&#8221;0&#8243; bottom_padding_desktop=&#8221;0&#8243; left_padding_desktop=&#8221;0&#8243; right_padding_desktop=&#8221;30&#8243; column_element_direction_desktop=&#8221;default&#8221; column_element_spacing=&#8221;default&#8221; desktop_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_backdrop_filter=&#8221;none&#8221; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;5px&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; column_position=&#8221;default&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;2\/3&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; animation_type=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; border_type=&#8221;simple&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_color=&#8221;#006885&#8243; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221; column_padding_type=&#8221;advanced&#8221; gradient_type=&#8221;default&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760964714618{margin-right: 40px !important;padding-top: 1px !important;padding-right: 1px !important;padding-bottom: 1px !important;padding-left: 1px !important;}&#8221;]<strong>Enhancing Neurocognitive Health via Activity, Nutrition and Cognitive Exercise (ENHANCE)<\/strong>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760968532759{margin-right: 50px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;border-right-width: 1px !important;border-bottom-width: 1px !important;border-left-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 6px !important;padding-right: 6px !important;padding-bottom: 6px !important;padding-left: 7px !important;border-left-color: #e3a883 !important;border-left-style: solid !important;border-right-color: #e3a883 !important;border-right-style: solid !important;border-top-color: #e3a883 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;border-bottom-color: #e3a883 !important;border-bottom-style: solid !important;border-radius: 5px !important;}&#8221;]This randomized controlled trial demonstrates that multidomain interventions can induce neuroplasticity in older adults, with differential effects on brain structure and function between urban and rural participants. The results emphasize the need for tailored approaches that consider sociocultural factors to optimize healthy aging across diverse populations.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760964705791{margin-right: 50px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;border-right-width: 0px !important;border-bottom-width: 0px !important;border-left-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 0px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 0px !important;border-left-color: #e3a883 !important;border-right-color: #e3a883 !important;border-top-color: #e3a883 !important;border-bottom-color: #e3a883 !important;border-radius: 5px !important;}&#8221;]<em>Latest page update: 20 October, 2025<\/em>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1756713428474{margin-right: 50px !important;padding-top: 1px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 1px !important;background-color: rgba(227,168,131,0.52) !important;*background-color: rgb(227,168,131) !important;border-radius: 4px !important;}&#8221;]\n<h5>Aim of the project<\/h5>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760963798340{margin-right: 50px !important;}&#8221;]To examine how the multidomain intervention relates to clinical characteristics, phenotypic traits, biochemical profiles, myokines, proteomics, metabolomics, brain imaging, and exosomal miRNA, and how these multidimensional indicators reflect neuroplasticity and functional resilience in older adults.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1756283848827{margin-right: 50px !important;padding-top: 1px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 1px !important;background-color: rgba(227,168,131,0.52) !important;*background-color: rgb(227,168,131) !important;border-radius: 4px !important;}&#8221;]\n<h5>Location<\/h5>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760969850851{margin-right: 40px !important;}&#8221;]Two regions in Taiwan: Taipei City and Yilan County.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Taipei City<\/strong>: two community centers affiliated with Taipei Veterans General Hospital and local senior learning centers.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Yi-Lan County<\/strong>: two community centers coordinated through Taipei Veterans General Hospital Yuanshan Branch and local community care stations.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1756801439111{margin-right: 50px !important;padding-top: 1px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 1px !important;background-color: rgba(227,168,131,0.52) !important;*background-color: rgb(227,168,131) !important;border-radius: 4px !important;}&#8221;]\n<h5>Organizations involved<\/h5>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760963885127{margin-right: 50px !important;}&#8221;]National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1750944520112{margin-right: 50px !important;padding-top: 1px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 1px !important;background-color: rgba(227,168,131,0.52) !important;*background-color: rgb(227,168,131) !important;border-radius: 4px !important;}&#8221;]\n<h5>Principal Investigator (PI)<\/h5>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760963908354{margin-right: 50px !important;}&#8221;]Liang-Kung Chen, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1756298026049{margin-right: 50px !important;padding-top: 1px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 1px !important;background-color: rgba(227,168,131,0.52) !important;*background-color: rgb(227,168,131) !important;border-radius: 4px !important;}&#8221;]\n<h5>Research team<\/h5>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760963950520{margin-right: 50px !important;}&#8221;]Li-Ning Peng, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University<br \/>\nWei-Ju Lee, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1756285820979{margin-right: 50px !important;padding-top: 1px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 1px !important;background-color: rgba(227,168,131,0.52) !important;*background-color: rgb(227,168,131) !important;border-radius: 4px !important;}&#8221;]\n<h5>Duration of the intervention<\/h5>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]12 months[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1756305270248{margin-right: 50px !important;padding-top: 1px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 1px !important;background-color: rgba(227,168,131,0.52) !important;*background-color: rgb(227,168,131) !important;border-radius: 4px !important;}&#8221;]\n<h5>Project start date<\/h5>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]2021[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1756305197166{margin-right: 50px !important;padding-top: 1px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 1px !important;background-color: rgba(227,168,131,0.52) !important;*background-color: rgb(227,168,131) !important;border-radius: 4px !important;}&#8221;]\n<h5>Project end date<\/h5>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]2023[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1756286177804{margin-right: 50px !important;padding-top: 1px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 1px !important;background-color: rgba(227,168,131,0.52) !important;*background-color: rgb(227,168,131) !important;border-radius: 4px !important;}&#8221;]\n<h5>Current stage of the project<\/h5>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760964015793{margin-right: 70px !important;border-radius: 5px !important;}&#8221;]Complete[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1756286650835{margin-right: 50px !important;padding-top: 1px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 1px !important;background-color: rgba(227,168,131,0.52) !important;*background-color: rgb(227,168,131) !important;border-radius: 4px !important;}&#8221;]\n<h5>Number of study participants<\/h5>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]102[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1756286716985{margin-right: 50px !important;padding-top: 1px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 1px !important;background-color: rgba(227,168,131,0.52) !important;*background-color: rgb(227,168,131) !important;border-radius: 4px !important;}&#8221;]\n<h5>Target population<\/h5>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760964053662{margin-right: 50px !important;}&#8221;]Community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years or older, at risk of dementia or disability, identified by slow gait speed (&lt;1 m\/s), weak grip strength (&lt;28 kg for men, &lt;18 kg for women), or subjective cognitive decline[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760970121836{margin-right: 50px !important;padding-top: 1px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 1px !important;background-color: rgba(227,168,131,0.52) !important;*background-color: rgb(227,168,131) !important;border-radius: 4px !important;}&#8221;]\n<h5>Outcomes<\/h5>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760972145303{margin-right: 60px !important;margin-bottom: 2px !important;}&#8221;]<strong>Primary outcomes<\/strong>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760971914435{margin-right: 60px !important;margin-bottom: 25px !important;}&#8221;]\n<ul>\n<li>Change in brain structures on MRI<\/li>\n<li>Change in Physical performance (hand-grip strength (kg), six-meter walking speed (m\/s), and 5 times sit to stand test)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760972152740{margin-right: 60px !important;margin-bottom: 2px !important;}&#8221;]<strong>Secondary outcomes<\/strong>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760971855853{margin-right: 60px !important;margin-bottom: 25px !important;}&#8221;]\n<ul>\n<li>Life quality SF12<\/li>\n<li>Change in Complete blood count<\/li>\n<li>Change in Nutrition intake (Mini-nutritional assessment)<\/li>\n<li>Change in depression (CES-D)<\/li>\n<li>Change in cognitive ability (MoCA)<\/li>\n<li>Change in International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760972161649{margin-right: 60px !important;margin-bottom: 2px !important;}&#8221;]<strong>Exploratory outcomes<\/strong>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760971765929{margin-right: 60px !important;margin-bottom: 15px !important;}&#8221;]\n<ul>\n<li>Change in laboratory data (Vitamin D3 25-OH, DHEA-S, IGF-1, Homocysteine, hs-CRP, Zinc, TSH, myostatin, activing A, follistatin)<\/li>\n<li>Change in Relative appendicular skeletal muscle index (RASM)<\/li>\n<li>Change in body fat %<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1750944578157{margin-right: 50px !important;padding-top: 1px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 1px !important;background-color: rgba(227,168,131,0.52) !important;*background-color: rgb(227,168,131) !important;border-radius: 4px !important;}&#8221;]\n<h5>Intervention<\/h5>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760972264333{margin-right: 50px !important;}&#8221;]The study had 2 arms:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Multidomain intervention group<\/li>\n<li>Control group: received standardized telephone-based health education intervention<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760972304363{margin-right: 50px !important;}&#8221;]<strong>Multidomain intervention<br \/>\n<\/strong>The ENHANCE trial had a group-based format twice weekly for 12 months and stimulated social networking.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760972330308{margin-right: 50px !important;margin-bottom: 2px !important;}&#8221;]<strong>Domains<\/strong>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760972341171{margin-right: 50px !important;}&#8221;]\n<ul>\n<li>Physical exercise: targeted muscle strength, balance, flexibility and endurance.<\/li>\n<li>Cognitive training<\/li>\n<li>Nutritional advice: based on national dietary guidelines for older adults<\/li>\n<li>Disease management education<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1756715921870{margin-right: 50px !important;padding-top: 1px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 1px !important;background-color: rgba(227,168,131,0.52) !important;*background-color: rgb(227,168,131) !important;border-radius: 4px !important;}&#8221;]\n<h5>Results<\/h5>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760969093438{margin-right: 60px !important;}&#8221;]<strong>Summary: <\/strong>Compared with the control group, the 12-month multidomain intervention significantly preserved brain grey matter volume (GMV) and improved multiple functional outcomes. Participants showed enhanced physical performance, cognitive function, and cardiometabolic health, with distinct neuroplastic and functional responses between urban and rural cohorts. Attendance rates exceeded 60% across all sites, and no intervention-related adverse events were reported.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760971993676{margin-right: 60px !important;margin-bottom: 2px !important;}&#8221;]<strong>Primary outcome<\/strong>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760972004786{margin-right: 60px !important;}&#8221;]\n<ul>\n<li>Using voxel-based MRI analysis, the intervention group showed significantly less GMV reduction in the left inferior temporal lobe compared with controls (p &lt; 0.05).<\/li>\n<li>Rural participants demonstrated additional GMV preservation or expansion in the cerebellum (Crus I &amp; II) and occipital cortex, while urban participants exhibited more GMV reduction in the temporal-occipital fusiform cortex.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760972022996{margin-right: 60px !important;margin-bottom: 2px !important;}&#8221;]<strong>Secondary outcomes<\/strong>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760972041409{margin-right: 60px !important;margin-bottom: 25px !important;}&#8221;]\n<ul>\n<li>Cognitive function: Improved MoCA score (+1.32 points; 95% CI 0.10\u20132.54; p = 0.034), with rural participants showing greater cognitive gains (+3.06 points; p = 0.007).<\/li>\n<li>Cardiometabolic biomarkers: Increased HDL-C (+6.65 mg\/dL; p &lt; 0.001) and decreased triglycerides (\u221216.07 mg\/dL; p = 0.025).<\/li>\n<li>Nutritional and psychosocial measures: Stable MNA, depression (CES-D), and social frailty scores across time points.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760972057807{margin-right: 60px !important;margin-bottom: 2px !important;}&#8221;]<strong>Others<\/strong>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760972071578{margin-right: 60px !important;}&#8221;]\n<ul>\n<li>The ENHANCE trial provides the first MRI-based evidence from Taiwan demonstrating intervention-induced neuroplasticity in community-dwelling older adults.<\/li>\n<li>Findings highlight the importance of context-specific, community-embedded approaches for optimizing healthy aging, particularly addressing urban\u2013rural disparities in cognitive and physical outcomes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1756304280464{margin-right: 50px !important;padding-top: 1px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 1px !important;background-color: rgba(227,168,131,0.52) !important;*background-color: rgb(227,168,131) !important;border-radius: 4px !important;}&#8221;]\n<h5>Acknowledgements<\/h5>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760966322985{margin-right: 60px !important;}&#8221;]This study was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (NSTC 112-2321-B-075-004; NSTC 112-2321-B-A49-006).<\/p>\n<p>Collaborating institutions include the Center for Geriatric and Gerontology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; the Center for Healthy Longevity and Aging Sciences, and the Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1756284734132{margin-right: 40px !important;}&#8221;][\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; column_element_direction_desktop=&#8221;default&#8221; column_element_spacing=&#8221;default&#8221; desktop_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_backdrop_filter=&#8221;none&#8221; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; column_position=&#8221;default&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; animation_type=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; border_type=&#8221;simple&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221;][divider line_type=&#8221;No Line&#8221;][image_with_animation image_url=&#8221;13296&#8243; image_size=&#8221;full&#8221; animation_type=&#8221;entrance&#8221; animation=&#8221;None&#8221; animation_movement_type=&#8221;transform_y&#8221; hover_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; alignment=&#8221;&#8221; border_radius=&#8221;5px&#8221; box_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; image_loading=&#8221;lazy-load&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width_mobile=&#8221;default&#8221;][divider line_type=&#8221;No Line&#8221; custom_height=&#8221;1&#8243;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1760969837904{border-top-width: 1px !important;border-right-width: 1px !important;border-bottom-width: 1px !important;border-left-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 5px !important;padding-right: 5px !important;padding-bottom: 5px !important;padding-left: 7px !important;border-left-color: #dd9933 !important;border-left-style: solid !important;border-right-color: #dd9933 !important;border-right-style: solid !important;border-top-color: #dd9933 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;border-bottom-color: #dd9933 !important;border-bottom-style: solid !important;border-radius: 5px !important;}&#8221;]<strong>Registered clinical trial<br \/>\n<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT05828043\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Brain Aging: Muscle-to-brain Axis Modulates Physio-cognitive Decline<\/a><br \/>\n(ClinicalTrials.gov)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Results<br \/>\n<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jcsm.13830\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enhancing Neurocognitive Health via Activity, Nutrition and Cognitive Exercise (ENHANCE): A Randomized Controlled Trial<br \/>\n(<\/a>Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, 2025)[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This trial shows differential effects between urban and rural participants of multidomain interventions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":13297,"template":"","class_list":["post-13402","network-project","type-network-project","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","network-project-category-completed-sv"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.1.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This trial shows differential effects between urban and rural participants of multidomain interventions.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, nofollow, max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" 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